Дрок что это: Дрок — это… Что такое Дрок?

Низкорослые, тернистые или неколючие кустарники, полукустарники и лианы.

Листья цельные, простые или тройчатые, густо опушённые или голые.

Цветки жёлтые, реже беловатые, собраны в конечные или пазушные кистевидные соцветия.

Название

По Этимологическому словарю Макса Фасмера русское название происходит от слов деру́, драть, «потому что это растение имеет колючки». При этом Фасмер сравнивает его с болг. дра́ка — тёрн, крушина, жостер.^[2]

Распространение и экология

Представители рода произрастают по всему Средиземноморью, в Европе, Северной Америке, Ближнем Востоке.

Предпочитают сухие супесчаные и каменистые известкованные почвы. Не выносят переувлажнения и сильных морозов. Очень светолюбивы и засухоустойчивы.

Размножаются семенами, хуже — зелёными черенками.

Применение

Некоторые виды используются как декоративные растения.

Применяется как почвозакрепительное растение.

Охотно поедается козами и овцами, коровы едят только во время голода.

Из Дрока красильного (Genista tinctoria) добывается жёлтая краска.

Классификация

Таксономия

Род Дрок (Genista) входит в подсемейство Мотыльковые семейства Бобовые порядка Бобовоцветные.

Виды

По информации базы данных The Plant List, род включает 125 видов^[3]:

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки

Дрок — Википедия. Что такое Дрок

Дрок (лат. Genísta) — род растений семейства Бобовые (Fabaceae), произрастающих в Евразии и в Северной Америке.

Ботаническое описание

Низкорослые, тернистые или неколючие кустарники, полукустарники и лианы.

Листья цельные, простые или тройчатые, густо опушённые или голые.

Цветки жёлтые, реже беловатые, собраны в конечные или пазушные кистевидные соцветия.

Название

По Этимологическому словарю Макса Фасмера русское название происходит от слов деру́, драть, «потому что это растение имеет колючки». При этом Фасмер сравнивает его с болг. дра́ка — тёрн, крушина, жостер.^[2]

Распространение и экология

Представители рода произрастают по всему Средиземноморью, в Европе, Северной Америке, Ближнем Востоке.

Предпочитают сухие супесчаные и каменистые известкованные почвы. Не выносят переувлажнения и сильных морозов. Очень светолюбивы и засухоустойчивы.

Размножаются семенами, хуже — зелёными черенками.

Применение

Некоторые виды используются как декоративные растения.

Применяется как почвозакрепительное растение.

Охотно поедается козами и овцами, коровы едят только во время голода.

Из Дрока красильного (Genista tinctoria) добывается жёлтая краска.

Классификация

Таксономия

Род Дрок (Genista) входит в подсемейство Мотыльковые семейства Бобовые порядка Бобовоцветные.

Виды

По информации базы данных The Plant List, род включает 125 видов^[3]:

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки

90000 definition of gorse by The Free Dictionary 90001 «Nor it is not fields nor mountains, it’s just miles and miles and miles of wild land that nothing grows on but heather and gorse and broom, and nothing lives on but wild ponies and sheep.» The moors were purple with heather, touched here and there with the fire of the flaming gorse, the wind blew always from the west, the gardens were ablaze with slowly bursting rhododendrons.In the afternoon he walked about the common; and that is gray and dingy too; it is neither country nor town; the gorse is stunted; and all about is the litter of civilisation.He had risen to his feet and was standing with his back to the cedar-tree, looking away with fixed eyes to where the sunlight fell upon a distant hillside gorgeous with patches and streaks of yellow gorse and purple heather. 90002 The heath was covered with golden patches of flowering gorse, gleaming magnificently in the light of the bright spring sunshine. 90003 90002 A rainy night had been followed by a glorious morning, and the heath-covered countryside, with the glowing clumps of flowering gorse, seemed all the more beautiful to eyes which were weary of the duns and drabs and slate grays of London.90003 Blindly we ran through the gloom, blundering against boulders, forcing our way through gorse bushes, panting up hills and rushing down slopes, heading always in the direction whence those dreadful sounds had come.On the other side lay a strip of vineyard, and beyond it the desolate and sandy region of the Landes, all tangled with faded gorse and heath and broom, stretching away in unbroken gloom to the blue hills which lay low upon the furthest sky-line.Th largest bush in the island (belonging to the family of Compositae) is scarcely so tall as our gorse.The best fuel i afforded by a green little bush about the size of commo heath, which has the useful property of burning while fres and green.As I said, the Great Western now runs right through it, and it is a land of large, rich pastures bounded by ox-fences, and covered with fine hedgerow timber, with here and there a nice little gorse or spinney, where abideth poor Charley, having no other cover to which to betake himself for miles and miles, when pushed out some fine November morning by the old Berkshire.That dark expanse was lit in patches by yellow gorse and broom; there was no red weed to be seen, and as I prowled, hesitating, on the verge of the open, the sun rose, flooding it all with light and vitality.They ordered the lackeys not to unsaddle the gorses, and to hold themselves in readiness to set off again immediately. .90000 Gorse: what you should know 90001 90002 Introduction 90003 90004 Gorse is a very spiny dense shrub, which has thousands of showy yellow pea-type flowers that are most abundant in spring and autumn. It grows up to four metres tall, but is more commonly found in two metre tall impenetrable thickets. Very few other plants can survive in these thickets. The flowers are 15-20 millimetres long and form 10-20 millimetre long hairy, grey pods which produce two to six seeds that are explosively ejected as the pod dries.90005 90004 Native to Europe and originally planted as a hedge, gorse is now a weed of disturbed areas and roadsides around Albany. 90005 90004 The seeds are viable for many years and the seed bank often exceeds 10 000 seeds per square metre. 90005 90002 Control 90003 90004 Gorse is difficult to eradicate and seedlings will keep emerging for many years, thus an integrated control program using a combination of methods is more likely to be successful. Our aim is to conduct an eradication program for Western Australia (WA).90005 90014 Options 90015 90016 90017 Roll, hot burn and then cultivate established infestations if possible. Spray with 100 millilitres Grazon 90018 TM 90019 plus 25 millilitres Pulse® in ten litres of water when the plants are actively growing during spring to autumn. Establish vigorous grasses and fertilise with nitrogen. 90020 90017 Graze with goats and spot spray trouble spots with Grazon 90018 TM 90019. On areas that can not be grazed, apply Grazon 90018 TM 90019 annually until few seedlings appear.Two years after the last Grazon 90018 TM 90019 spraying, re-plant the area with species that will provide complete shade as quickly as possible. 90020 90017 Control seedlings and small plants manually or spray with 100 millilitres glyphosate (450 grams per litre active ingredient) in ten litres of water or blanket wipe with one litre of glyphosate (450 grams per litre active ingredient) in two litres of water. 90020 90017 Large individual plants can be controlled by spraying a mixture of 200 millilitres Access 90018 TM 90019 in ten litres of diesel on the lower 50 centimetres of each main stem.This is known as basal bark spraying. 90020 90035 90004 Good hygiene practice goes a long way to preventing the further spread of this weed. As larger plants tend to break off and re-grow, burn material from manual control on site if possible. Do not remove soil from a gorse infected site without advice from the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA). 90005 90004 90039 Gorse is declared under the 90040 Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007 90041 (BAM Act) and must be controlled.90042 90005 90004 Gorse is a weed that spreads slowly and this provides an opportunity for control. The seed spreads mainly by explosive expulsion from the seed pod, water and the movement of topsoil, which means everybody in a community must control gorse together to get lasting results and avoid reinfestation from neighbours. 90005 90004 In the long term, control of gorse will rest with landholders because seed will last in the soil for many years and constant vigilance is required to control seedlings as they appear.The Natural Heritage Trust (NHT) and DAFWA recognise this problem and have provided funding for community training, advice, loan of equipment and supply of herbicides for the control of small infestations. 90005 90004 This should give local landholders the ability and confidence to get on top of ths weed and encourage ongoing surveillance. 90005 90002 Online weed identification training 90003 90004 Login or set up a new account on 90005.90000 Gorse: declared pest | Agriculture and Food 90001 90002 Form: shrub — perennial 90003 90002 Status: present in WA 90003 90002 Gorse has been prioritised at a national level as a Weed of National Significance (WoNS). 90003 90008 Appearance 90009 90002 An erect much branched, intensely prickly shrub, to four metres high, reproducing by seed. 90003 90002 90013 Stems: 90014 longitudinally ridged, hairy, with numerous spines to five centimetres long. 90003 90002 90013 Leaves: 90014 dark green, narrow and spine-like one to three centimetres long, numerous, hairy with no leaf stalk; spaced evenly along the branches.90003 90002 90013 Flowers: 90014 bright yellow pea flowers, 2-2.5 centimetres long, fragrant, on short stalks, produced in axil of leaves or in terminal clusters. 90003 90002 90013 Fruit: 90014 dark coloured, more or less egg shaped pod, one to two centimetres long, densely hairy, containing two to six seeds. 90003 90002 90013 Seed: 90014 green to brown, about three millimetres long, somewhat triangular shaped smooth and shiny. Hard coated, and long-lived in soil. 90003 90008 Online weed identification training 90009 90002 Login or set up a new account on 90035 DPIRDs online training site 90036 to access: 90003 90008 Agricultural and economic impact 90009 90002 Gorse invades pastures, roadsides and other disturbed areas, forming dense impenetrable thickets about two metres high and creating a fire hazard.Gorse can provide shelter for pests such as rabbits. 90003 90042 Declared pest category 90043 90002 The Western Australian Organism List (WAOL) contains information on the area (s) in which this pest is declared and the control and keeping categories to which it has been assigned in Western Australia (WA). Search for gorse in the WAOL using the scientific name 90045 Ulex europaeus 90046. 90003 90042 Requirements for land owners / occupiers and other persons 90043 90002 Requirements for land owners / occupiers and other persons if this pest is found can be sourced through the declared plant requirements link.90003 90008 Search> detect> report 90009 90002 90013 Detectability 90014: 90035 medium difficulty to find 90036. Gorse is a distinctive, dark green, densely spiny plant that can produce numerous bright yellow pea flowers. It is sometimes confused with native 90045 Jacksonia 90046 species. 90003 90002 90013 Who is likely to find it 90014: biosecurity groups, local governments, NRM groups, landholders and others in southern parts of the South West Land Division, particularly members of the Gorse Network.90003 90002 90013 When to find it 90014: gorse is a perennial, so plants can be found all year round, but gorse is most conspicuous when flowering. Gorse flowers abundantly in spring and late summer-autumn. 90003 90002 90013 Where to find it 90014: gorse is most likely to be found in and around the Albany area. 90003 90008 Control method 90009 90002 Control methods for this declared plant can be found through the gorse control and the gorse: what you should know pages. 90003 90042 Management calendar 90043 90008 Further information 90009 90002 Further information on gorse can be found through the gorse: what you should know page.90003.90000 How to pronounce GORSE in English 90001 90002 Your browser does not support HTML5 audio 90003 90002 uk 90003 How to pronounce 90006 gorse 90007 90008 noun 90009 in British English 90002 Your browser does not support HTML5 audio 90003 90002 us 90003 How to pronounce 90006 gorse 90007 90008 noun 90009 in American English 90018 .